Snowplow Signals

Real-Time Intelligence for AI Applications

Build and ship real-time, AI-powered user experiences like personalized recommendations, adaptive UIs, and customer-facing AI agents faster.

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Developer-First Infrastructure

Composable, transparent building blocks for real-time personalization and AI agents without the complexity of managing custom data pipelines or fragmented systems.

Low latency

Real-Time User Intelligence for AI

Give your algorithms access to user attributes computed in real time from in-session behavioral data and historical warehouse data to power your apps with deep user context.

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AI Agent Foundation

Build on an extensible foundation that accelerates your rules-based and ML personalization roadmap while preparing you for the next wave of agentic AI applications.

See It In Action

This demo walks through how Snowplow Signals calculates and surfaces real-time user attributes, conversion predictions, and interventions based on live website interactions.
Try Signals Sandbox

“Snowplow Signals provides our product and engineering teams with the real-time customer intelligence infrastructure they need to build adaptive, AI-powered experiences into our FindMyPast product...It’s a game-changer for hyper-personalizing each user’s deeply unique and personal experience.”

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Anup Purewal

Chief Data Officer at DC Thomson

Frequently Asked Questions

Can Snowplow + Snowflake power agentic AI assistants or in-product experiences?

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Yes, Snowplow + Snowflake can effectively power agentic AI assistants and in-product experiences:

  • Behavioral Context: Snowplow tracks comprehensive user behavior and interaction data that provides rich context for AI assistant decision-making
  • Real-time Intelligence: Stream behavioral data into Snowflake for immediate processing and serve customer insights to AI assistants through APIs
  • Personalization: Use Snowflake's ML capabilities to train models that enable AI assistants to provide personalized recommendations and contextual assistance
  • Continuous Learning: Leverage behavioral feedback loops to continuously improve AI assistant performance based on user interactions

Snowplow Signals is purpose-built for these agentic AI use cases—it provides the infrastructure that product and engineering teams need to build AI copilots and chatbots with three core components: the Profiles Store gives AI agents real-time access to customer intelligence, the Interventions engine enables autonomous actions, and the Fast-Start Tooling includes SDKs for seamless integration with AI applications.

How can AI applications benefit from granular, first-party event data?

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AI applications thrive off granular, first-party event data. This is because it provides them with access to high-quality, contextually rich training datasets that improve model accuracy, enable real-time predictions, and create proprietary competitive advantages that pre-aggregated or third-party data cannot deliver.

Why granularity matters for AI performance:

Superior feature engineering: Granular event data provides the raw material for creating hundreds or thousands of custom features that improve model performance. Event-level logs capture the exact sequence of customer actions—"viewed product A, then product B, added to cart, abandoned, returned 2 days later, completed purchase". This enables the creation of behavioral features like "days between first view and purchase," "number of comparison events," and "abandonment recovery patterns" that aggregate data cannot support. Machine learning models built on these rich features deliver more accurate predictions because they capture nuanced behavior patterns that drive outcomes.

Temporal precision: AI applications for fraud detection, churn prediction, and real-time personalization require knowing exactly when events occurred, in what order, and with what timing. First-party event data provides millisecond-level timestamps that enable time-series analysis and sequence modeling. This temporal granularity is essential for detecting anomalies, predicting user intent, and personalizing experiences based on in-session behavior, including use cases where aggregated or sampled data introduces accuracy-degrading noise.

Contextual richness: Each event carries dozens of contextual attributes: device type, geolocation, referral source, session duration, previous actions, user segments, product details, and custom business context. This multi-dimensional data enables AI models to understand not just what happened, but why it happened and what preceded it. Snowplow's entity modeling attaches related objects to events, creating comprehensive context that transforms raw clicks into business-meaningful behavioral intelligence.

Complete, unsampled datasets: Traditional analytics platforms sample data to reduce costs, meaning AI models train on incomplete information. Snowplow captures 100% of events without sampling, ensuring models learn from complete interaction histories. This completeness directly impacts model performance—training on sampled data introduces systematic biases that degrade production predictions.

Real-time model inputs: Many AI use cases require predictions within seconds of user actions: fraud scoring during checkout, next-best-action recommendations mid-session, or AI agent responses to support queries. Granular event streams flowing through real-time pipelines enable these applications. Snowplow's streaming architecture delivers enriched events with sub-second latency, allowing AI systems to generate predictions and take action while users are still engaged.

Proprietary competitive advantage:

First-party event data creates moats that competitors cannot easily replicate. While competitors may access the same third-party data providers or train on similar public datasets, your proprietary behavioral data captures unique patterns specific to your customer base, products, and user experiences. AI models trained on this proprietary data deliver differentiated capabilities—better recommendations, more accurate predictions, more relevant personalization—that drive measurable business outcomes competitors cannot match.

According to industry research, AI-powered personalization built on high-quality first-party data drives 23x higher customer acquisition rates. Organizations that treat first-party data as a strategic asset for AI see it as "the gold standard for powering the next generation of AI-driven insights" that transforms from data infrastructure into competitive advantage.

Data quality drives AI success:

Poor data quality remains the top barrier to AI success. Garbage in, garbage out applies especially to machine learning where models are often trained on incomplete, inconsistent, or inaccurate data. The result? Unreliable predictions. Snowplow addresses this through automated data quality controls:

  • Schema validation at source prevents malformed events from entering pipelines
  • Comprehensive enrichment adds missing context and standardizes data formats
  • Automated anomaly detection identifies data quality issues in real time
  • Dead-letter queue recovery ensures no data loss even when issues occur

These quality controls translate directly into better AI model performance. Companies using Snowplow report 20% improvement in overall data capture accuracy and 100% data reliability with automated quality controls. As a result, their models train faster, predict more accurately, and require less ongoing maintenance.

Enabling advanced AI use cases:

Granular first-party event data enables AI applications that are impossible with aggregated analytics:

  • Predictive models - Churn prediction, lifetime value forecasting, conversion propensity
  • Recommendation engines - Content recommendations, product suggestions, next-best actions
  • Personalization systems - Dynamic pricing, adaptive UIs, personalized search results
  • AI agents - Context-aware chatbots, intelligent assistants, agentic applications
  • Fraud detection - Real-time transaction scoring, anomaly detection, abuse prevention
  • Attribution modeling - Multi-touch attribution, marketing mix modeling, incrementality analysis

Each use case depends on comprehensive, granular, real-time behavioral data that traditional analytics platforms cannot provide.

Snowplow Signals for operational AI:

While collecting granular data enables model training, operationalizing AI applications requires serving computed features to production systems with low latency. Snowplow Signals bridges this gap by calculating and serving rich user attributes through a Profiles Store API with 45ms response times. As a result, Snowplow Signals gives AI applications and agents instant access to:

  • Customer past: lifetime value, purchase history, engagement patterns, segmentation
  • Customer present: current session intent, real-time behavior, propensity scores
  • Computed features: custom attributes derived from behavioral data and ML models

This combination of comprehensive event collection through Snowplow CDI with real-time feature serving through Snowplow Signals is revolutionary. It provides organizations with end-to-end AI infrastructure on a unified behavioral data foundation–accelerating time-to-value for AI-powered customer experiences.

How can brands deliver dynamic digital experiences using event data?

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Delivering dynamic digital experiences requires combining real-time behavioral data with historical customer context to personalize every interaction.

Dynamic Experience Types:

Experience
Data Required
Example
Personalized recommendations
Browsing history, purchase history, in-session behavior
"Customers like you also bought..."
Adaptive UI
Feature usage patterns, user preferences
Simplified checkout for mobile users
Dynamic pricing
Purchase propensity, cart value, time on page
Personalized offers at moment of hesitation
Contextual content
Reading/viewing history, interests, session context
Content recommendations based on current article
Proactive support
Page engagement, error events, frustration signals
Chat popup when user struggles

Infrastructure Requirements:

  • Real-time behavioral data collection across all touchpoints
  • User attribute computation (both streaming and batch)
  • Low-latency APIs to serve context to applications
  • Integration with AI/ML models for predictions

With Snowplow, brands collect comprehensive behavioral data across web, mobile, and server, then use Snowplow Signals to compute and serve user attributes in real time. Companies like Burberry use this infrastructure to power 40+ personalization models covering product recommendations, propensity scoring, and lifetime value prediction—enabling in-store advisors to personalize service based on online browsing behavior.

How can teams trigger in-product experiences based on real-time events?

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Triggering in-product experiences based on real-time events requires infrastructure that can capture user behavior, compute context, and deliver decisions to applications within milliseconds.

Technical Requirements:

  • Real-time event streaming: Capture behavioral events (clicks, page views, feature usage) with sub-second latency.
  • User attribute computation: Calculate both in-session signals (current page, cart value) and historical context (purchase history, lifetime value).
  • Low-latency serving layer: APIs that deliver user context to applications fast enough for real-time personalization (typically <100ms).
  • Trigger logic: Rules or ML models that determine which experience to show based on user context.

In-Product Experience Examples:

  • Dynamic pricing adjustments when users show hesitation
  • Personalized product recommendations during browsing
  • Proactive support chat when users struggle with checkout
  • Adaptive UI that simplifies navigation for frequent users
  • Smart nudges to prevent cart abandonment

With Snowplow Signals, product and engineering teams get real-time customer intelligence infrastructure designed for these exact use cases:

  • Profiles Store: Low-latency API (45ms p50) serving real-time and historical user attributes
  • Streaming Engine: Calculates in-session attributes from live event streams
  • Interventions: Push-based engine for triggering personalized actions based on rules or ML
  • SDKs: Python and TypeScript tools for defining and retrieving user attributes

Snowplow Signals helps teams ship real-time personalization in weeks instead of years of custom infrastructure development.

How do companies personalize digital experiences at scale using event data?

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Companies personalize digital experiences at scale using event data by capturing granular, real-time behavioral signals from customer interactions. They can then transform them into actionable user attributes, and serve those attributes to personalization engines and AI systems with millisecond latency.

The modern event-driven personalization architecture:

Comprehensive behavioral data collection: Effective personalization requires capturing every meaningful customer interaction across touchpoints. This includes website navigation, content engagement, product views, search queries, cart interactions, feature usage, and conversion events. Snowplow enables teams to define custom events and entities that capture business-specific behaviors—not just generic pageviews—creating proprietary behavioral data that competitors cannot replicate. With 35+ SDKs and event tracking deployed across 2 million+ websites and applications, organizations collect comprehensive interaction data that forms the foundation for personalization.

Real-time event processing and enrichment: Raw events alone don't drive personalization; they must be enriched with context and transformed into meaningful signals. Snowplow's 130+ enrichments add geolocation, device fingerprinting, campaign attribution, bot filtering, and custom business logic in real-time as events stream through the pipeline. This creates rich, analyzable behavioral data immediately available for activation.

Feature engineering and profile computation: Personalization engines need computed attributes like "lifetime value," "propensity to churn," "content preferences," and "current session intent"—not just raw event logs. Modern infrastructure calculates these features in real time. Snowplow Signals specifically accelerates this through a streaming engine that computes user attributes continuously based on live, in-session behavior and historical context, enabling personalization that adapts within the same user session.

Low-latency profile access: Personalization systems need instant access to user attributes to customize experiences without latency. Snowplow Signals' Profiles Store API serves comprehensive user profiles with 45ms p50 response times, giving applications and AI agents the customer intelligence needed to personalize content, recommendations, UI elements, and agent responses in real time. This infrastructure replaces months of custom engineering to build profile serving layers.

Intervention and activation infrastructure: Once personalization decisions are made, systems need to deliver tailored experiences across channels. Snowplow Signals' Interventions engine pushes real-time customer interactions to personalization platforms, enabling adaptive UI updates, triggered messages, and dynamic content without building complex activation pipelines from scratch.

Scale and performance characteristics:

Organizations achieve personalization at scale through infrastructure that handles massive event volumes efficiently. Snowplow processes over 1 trillion events monthly with predictable costs since pipelines run in your own cloud infrastructure without per-event vendor fees. As event volume grows 100x, infrastructure scales linearly without pricing surprises or vendor constraints.

Proven personalization impact:

Research shows 3 in 4 consumers are more likely to purchase from brands delivering personalized experiences, and consumers will spend 37% more with brands that personalize effectively. Organizations using real-time customer experience methodologies retain 55% more customers, while companies with clean behavioral data report 28% email revenue increases from personalization improvements.

Why event-level data beats aggregated analytics:

Traditional analytics platforms like Google Analytics and Adobe Analytics provide pre-aggregated data that cannot power real-time personalization. They sample data, limit retention, and lack the event-level granularity needed for AI model training or complex user attribute computation. Snowplow delivers complete, unaggregated event streams with unlimited retention in your warehouse, providing the raw material for sophisticated personalization that platforms with black-box aggregation cannot support.

The Signals advantage for personalization teams:

Product and engineering teams building personalization capabilities face a stark choice: spend months or years building profile computation and serving infrastructure from scratch, or adopt Snowplow Signals to accelerate time-to-value. Signals provides the real-time customer intelligence infrastructure that eliminates data engineering overhead, allowing teams to focus on personalization logic and business outcomes rather than building pipes and databases. Development teams ship personalized experiences in weeks rather than years while maintaining complete control over their behavioral data foundation.

Get Started

Building AI-powered applications? Spin it up. Inspect the architecture. Watch your first intervention fire — all in under 10 minutes. Snowplow helps eliminate engineering complexity so you can focus on delivering smarter customer experiences.